Yoga as a whole denotes a collection of traditional, physical, mental and social interdisciplinary methods with origin from India. Yoga as a word has a Sanskrit origin from word yuj meaning to control, to unite, or to yoke.
Yoga has been prevalent all over India for many centuries and also has become popular all over the world. Patanjali is regarded as the father of Yoga. Patanjali has devised a eight limbed form or Ashtanga Yoga with the following principles,
(1) Yama, which refers to the five abstentions: non-violence, non-lying, non-covetousness, non-sensuality, and non-possessiveness.
(2) Niyama, which refers to the five observances: purity, contentment, austerity, study, and surrender to god. (3) Asana, which literally means seat; and refers to the seated position used for meditation and various yogic postures. (4) Pranayama, which means as lengthening Prana: where Prana means life force, or vital energy, or the breath; and ayama means to lengthen or extend. It also simply refers to various breathing exercises. (5) Pratyahara, which means abstraction; or withdrawal of the sense organs from external objects. (6) Dharana, which means the power of concentration or the fixing the attention on a single object. (7) Dhyana which means meditation (8) Samadhi, which refers to liberation or the merging of consciousness with the object of meditation.
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